Paano malaman kung may HIV o AIDS ka? Ano palatandaan nito sa balat?

Dr. Elvie  Razon-Gonzalez
is a Medical expert in the Philippines

HIV (Ikalawang Bahagi)
Nauna ko nang naisulat ang background at natural history ng HIV. Gaya ng aking nabanggit, hangarin kong dagdagan ang kaalaman ng ating mga kababayan, lalo na ang mga OFWs tungkol sa sakit na ito. Sa ikalawang bahagi naman ng aking artikulo, aking tatalakayin ang natural transmission, signs and symptoms, diagnosis at management ng HIV.

Paano mahahawaan ang isang tao? Transmission
Maaaring maikalat ang HIV sa pamamagitan ng contact ng iyong dugo, bukas na sugat at mucus membrane (anus, vagina, mata, labi) sa HIV-infected body fluids tulad ng blood, semen, vaginal secretions at breast milk. Pakikipagtalik ang pinakamadalas na paraan ng pagkalat nito.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is responsible for the chronic, life-threatening condition known as Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The immune system weakens as HIV enters the body, making it frail from attacks of diseases.

Ano sintomas o senyales ng HIV O AIDS? Signs and Symptoms
Kadalasan, ang mga taong may HIV ay walang simtomas. Kung meron man, ang mga simtomas na ito ay ang pagkakaroon ng trangkaso dalawa hanggang apat na linggo matapos ma-expose sa virus. Ang iba pang simtomas ay lagnat, malaking kulani, namamagang lalamunan at rash. Maaring tumagal ang mga simtomas na ito ilang araw hanggang ilang linggo. Kapag ang pasyente ay mayroong AIDS, ang mga simtomas ay depende sa mga impeksiyon at kanser na karaniwang dala-dala nito.

Symptoms of HIV depend on the stage of disease where the patient is in. In the early stage, the manifestation is the same with flu symptoms including fever, headache, swollen glands, rash, fatigue, and sore throat. There is also a latency stage where there are no symptoms felt. This is the stage where the HIV lies dormant. The last stage is the late stage where the following symptoms are felt: rapid weight loss, on and off febrile episodes, diarrhea, sores in the mouth or genitals, pneumonia, blotches in the skin, and neurologic disorders.

Diagnosis
Ang tanging paraan upang malaman kung ikaw ay may HIV ay magpakuha ng dugo o laway. Bibigyan ka ng laboratory request ng iyong duktor. Hindi lahat ng klinik at ospital ay mayroong test na ito.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is thought by scientists to come from monkeys and chimpanzees in Africa. There was cross-contamination after they were being hunted and eaten for food, thus humans were able to contract the virus. HIV progresses to AIDS when a certain type of cell called the CD4 cells are killed. Once their count fall below 200, various complications set in like pneumonia, tuberculosis and many more.

Management
Sa kasamaang palad, wala pang nadidiskubreng epektibong bakuna at gamot sa AIDS. Buti na lang ay may paraan upang ma-kontrol ang sakit na ito. Ito ay sa pamamagitan ng antiretroviral therapy (ART). Noong araw, kapag nagkaroon ka ng HIV, agad-agad itong mauuwi sa full-blown AIDS ngunit sa panahon ngayon, dahil sa progresibong agham at makabagong teknolohiya ay tumatagal ang buhay ng mga taong may AIDS.

Kung sinusupetsa mo na ikaw ay mayroong HIV, magpakonsulta agad sa duktor upang magpa-screen at mabigyan ng ART kung kinakailangan.

No treatment is around for HIV at present. But drugs called antiretrovirals are useful against HIV in the body. There are five types of antiretrovirals and each have different effects on the virus. A mixture of use of the said drugs is important in preventing resistance. The drugs pose side effects when taken in and consulting a doctor and proper diagnosis is very important.

About the author

Dr. Elvie Razon-Gonzalez

Graduated BS Public Health (cum laude) at UP-Manila Finished Doctor of Medicine in 2005 Licensed Physician since 2006 Licensed Internist since 2010 Trained in Internal Medicine at UP-PGH Trained in Gastroenterology at UP-PGH Presently taking Masters of Science in Clinical Epidemiology at UP Manila
Profession: Internist
Philippine General Hospital
Office Address: Padre Faura St., Manila
Philippines , NCR , Manila

 

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