Mga Importanteng Eksaminasyon Para Sa Mga Babae: Part 2

Dr. Marie Gabrielle Laguna-Bedia
is a Medical expert in the Philippines

Type 2 Diabetes

Ang diabetes ay maaaring maging sanhi ng sakit sa puso o sakit sa bato, stroke, pagkabulag mula sa pinsala sa mga daluyan ng dugo ng retina, at iba pang mga malubhang problema. Maaari mong kontrolin ang diyabetis sa pamamagitan ng diyeta, ehersisyo, pagbawas ng timbang, at gamot. Ang Type 2 diabetes ay ang pinaka-karaniwang anyo ng sakit. Mag-fasting ka sa loob ng walong oras bago ka magpakuha ng dugo para sa pagtesting ng diyabetis. Ang blood sugar na 100-125 ay tinatawag na prediabetes; 126 o mas mataas pa dito ay tinatawag na diyabetis. Ang iba pang mga pagsubok na pwede mong isama sa fasting blood sugar mo ay ang A1C test at ang glucose tolerance test. Kung ikaw ay malusog at may mga risk factor sa diyabetis, dapat kang ma-screen bawat tatlong taon simula edad na 45.


Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Ang HIV ay ang virus na nagiging sanhi ng AIDS. Ito ay kumakalat sa pamamagitan ng pagbahagi ng likido sa dugo o katawan ng nahawaang tao, tulad ng unprotected sex o ang paggamit ng mga maruming karayom. Ang mga buntis na kababaihan na may HIV ay maaaring magpasa ng impeksiyon sa kanilang mga sanggol. Ang tanging paraan upang malaman mo kung mayroon kang virus ay ang pagsubok sa dugo. Ang Elisa o EIA test ay naghahanap ng antibodies sa HIV. Kung mayroon kang positibong resulta, kailangan mo ng pangalawang pagsubok upang kumpirmahin ang mga resulta. Ngunit maaari kang maging negatibo kahit na ikaw ay nahawaan, kaya dapat mong ulitin ang mga pagsubok. Ang bawat tao'y dapat magpasuri ng hindi bababa sa isang beses kung sila ay nasa pagitan ng edad 13-64.


Colorectal Cancer

Ang colorectal kanser ay ang pangalawang pinaka-karaniwang sanhi ng kamatayan na dulot ng kanser. Karamihan sa mga colon kanser ay mula sa polyps (abnormal na bukol) na lumalago sa inner lining ng malaking bituka. Ang mga polyps ay maaari o hindi maaaring maging kanser. Ang pag-aalis ng polyps habang maaga pa, bago sila maging kanser, ay maaring makakapagpigil ng colon kanser. Ang colonoscopy ay karaniwang screening test para sa colorectal kanser. Kung ikaw ay may average risk, ang screening ay karaniwang nagsisimula sa edad na 50.


Glaucoma

Ang glawkoma ay nangyayari kapag ang presyon ay bumubuo sa loob ng iyong mata. Kung hindi magamot, maaari itong makapinsala sa mata at maging sanhi ng pagkabulag. Madalas, ito ay walang sintomas hanggang ang iyong paningin ay sira na. Ang kadalasan ng iyong pagpa-check-up sa mata ay depende sa iyong edad atmga risk factor. Kung ikaw ay nag-eedad ng higit sa 60, may eye injury, gumagamit ng mga steroid, at may kasaysayan ng glaucoma sa pamilya, ikaw ay high risk. Ang mga taong walang risk factor o sintomas ng sakit sa mata ay dapat magkaroon ng baseline eksaminasyon sa mata, kabilang ang pagsubok para sa glawkoma, simula sa edad na 40.


Important Annual Medical Examinations for Females

As a woman ages, she is expected to feel some changes in her body as well as in her overall health status. Moreover, a woman may also be prone to develop certain conditions such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Hence, early detection and screening through various annual medical examinations is necessary in order to determine the risk and for the patient to receive prompt management. The type of annual medical examination a patient needs to have varies on her age. Some of these are:

1. Full gynecological check. This physical assessment involves pelvic and breast examination as well as a Pap smear. These examinations are important in order to detect growths and abnormalities which may be signs of cancer common in women age 30 years old and above.

A. Pelvic exam involves the assessment of the vulva (external genital organs), uterus (the womb), cervix (opening from the vagina to the uterus), fallopian tubes (tubes that carry eggs to the womb), ovaries (organs that produce eggs), bladder (the sac that holds urine) and rectum (the chamber that connects the colon to the anus). Pap smear is also done during a pelvic exam and as part of this test you would expect your gynecologist to use a plastic spatula and small brush to take a sample of cells from the cervix or a sample of fluid may be taken from the vagina to test for the presence of infection.

B. In clinical breast examination, the appearance of the breasts and presence of lumps will be assessed. If a lump is palpated, its size, shape and texture will be noted and may need to be examined with further diagnostic procedures.

2. Heart health check. Different cardiovascular diseases as well as stroke are some of the top causes of mortality among women. Hence, your physician needs to conduct some diagnostic and laboratory tests to determine the risk. Some of these are blood pressure monitoring and lipid profile which includes LDL (bad) and HDL (good) cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol levels. Blood pressure checks need to be done twice a year if your BP is normal (120/80) while lipid profile is done annually for women age 45 years old and above.


3. Thyroid screening is also beneficial for women especially to those who are in the reproductive age because it may complicate pregnancy if left untreated. The most common thyroid disorders affecting women are hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroid nodules, thyroiditis, thyroid cancer and goiter. Hence, thyroid assessment and checking the thyroid hormone levels are necessary for early detection.

About the author

Dr. Marie Gabrielle Laguna-Bedia

Internal Medicine/ Adult Medicine/ Palliative Medicine. Online Consultation at https://www.facebook.com/bediamedicalclinic/
Profession: Internal Medicine
Bedia Medical Clinic
Office Address: Meds at Sea Pharmacy, Tabucan, Barotac Nuevo, Iloilo
Philippines , Iloilo , Iloilo City

 

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